Sources

Every equation and table cited in the review, with a link to the page of the source PDF, a short description of what it says, and, where the package ships its own copy of the table, that copy rendered from inst/extdata at commit 800d53a. Descriptions are paraphrased; follow the page link for the exact text.

Documents:

IPCC 2019 Refinement to the 2006 Guidelines, Vol. 4, Ch. 10: Emissions from livestock and manure management

Feed digestibility: common ranges (printed p. 10.21)

Text on feed digestibility (DE, % of GE). Common ruminant ranges given as about 45-55% for crop by-products and rangelands, 55-75% for good pastures, well-preserved forages and grain-supplemented diets, and 75-85% for feedlot grain diets. Used to justify the 45% DE floor in proposed fix F01. Open the PDF at this page.

Table 10.2 (printed p. 22)

Representative feed digestibility (DE %) by livestock category. Open the PDF at this page.

Eq. 10.3 (printed p. 23)

Net energy for maintenance: NEm = Cfi x (Weight)^0.75, MJ/day. Cfi from Table 10.4. Open the PDF at this page.

Table 10.4 (printed p. 24)

Cfi coefficients for NEm, MJ/day/kg: cattle/buffalo 0.322; lactating cows 0.386; bulls 0.370; sheep to 1 year 0.236; sheep over 1 year 0.217; goats 0.315. Open the PDF at this page.

Package copy: energy_parameters.json key Table 10.4 (view file at commit), 7 rows.

animal_category maintenance_cfi comments
Cattle_Buffalo 0.322 All non-lactating cows, steers, heifers and calves
Cattle_Buffalo_lactating_cows 0.386 Maintenance energy requirements are 20% higher during lactation
Cattle_Buffalo_bulls 0.370 Maintenance energy requirements are 15% higher for intact males than non lactating females
Sheep_lamb_to_1_year 0.236 This value can be increased by 15% for intact males
Sheep_older_than_1_year 0.217 This value can be increased by 15% for intact males.
Goats 0.315 NA
Pigs 0.440 NA

Table 10.5 (printed p. 25)

Activity coefficients (Ca) for NEa by feeding situation. Open the PDF at this page.

Eq. 10.10 (printed p. 27)

Net energy for lactation for sheep and goats when milk yield is unknown: from the lamb's or kid's weight gain from birth to weaning and the milk energy value (EVmilk). Open the PDF at this page.

Review note: The package uses the weaning weight itself rather than the gain from birth to weaning (livestock review L-05).

Eq. 10.14 (printed p. 29)

REM, the ratio of net energy available for maintenance to digestible energy: REM = 1.123 - 4.092e-3 x DE + 1.126e-5 x DE^2 - 25.4 / DE, with DE in %. Open the PDF at this page.

Table 10.7 (printed p. 29)

Constants for Eq. 10.7 (NEg for sheep and goats) by animal class. Open the PDF at this page.

Eq. 10.15 (printed p. 30)

REG, the ratio of net energy available for growth to digestible energy: REG = 1.164 - 5.16e-3 x DE + 1.308e-5 x DE^2 - 37.4 / DE, with DE in %. Open the PDF at this page.

Eq. 10.16 (printed p. 30)

Gross energy: GE = [(NEm + NEa + NEl + NEwork + NEp) / REM + (NEg + NEwool) / REG] / (DE% / 100), MJ/day. The text below it: dry matter intake = GE / feed energy density, default 18.45 MJ per kg DM, and intake is expected at about 2-3% of body weight (over 4% for high-producing dairy cows). Open the PDF at this page.

Review note: The package divides the summed NE terms by the diet's ME density instead (critical issue 1).

Table 10.12 (printed p. 46)

Methane conversion factors (Ym, % of GE) for cattle and buffalo by category and diet quality. Open the PDF at this page.

Package copy: ghg_parameters.json key Table 10.12 (view file at commit), 7 rows.

Livestock category Description Feed quality Digestibility (DE %) and Neutral Detergent Fibre (NDF, % DMI) MY, g CH4 kg DMI-1 Ym
Dairy cows and Buffalo High-producing cows5 (>8500 kg/head/yr-1) DE greater than or equal 70% 19.5 5.85
Dairy cows and Buffalo Medium producing cows (5000 - 8500 kg yr-1) DE 63-70% 21.0 6.30
Dairy cows and Buffalo Low producing cows (<5000 kg yr-1) DE less than 62% 21.4 6.50
Non dairy and multi-purpose Cattle and Buffalo > 75 % forage DE less than 62% 23.3 7.00
Non dairy and multi-purpose Cattle and Buffalo Rations of >75% high quality forage and/or mixed rations, forage of between 15 and 75% the total ration mixed with grain, and/or silage. DE 62-71% 21.0 6.30
Non dairy and multi-purpose Cattle and Buffalo Feedlot (all other grains, 0- 15% forage) DE greater than or equal 72% 13.6 4.00
Non dairy and multi-purpose Cattle and Buffalo Feedlot (steam-flaked corn, ionophore supplement - 0-10% forage) DE greater than 75% 10.0 3.00

Table 10.13 (printed p. 47)

Ym for sheep and goats. Open the PDF at this page.

Package copy: ghg_parameters.json key Table 10.13 (view file at commit), 2 rows.

Category Ym
Sheep 6.7
Goats 5.5

Eq. 10.21 (printed p. 47)

Enteric CH4 emission factor: EF = GE x (Ym / 100) x 365 / 55.65, kg CH4/head/yr. Open the PDF at this page.

Table 10.16 (printed p. 67)

Maximum methane producing capacity of manure (Bo, m3 CH4 per kg VS) by animal category, region and productivity system. Open the PDF at this page.

Package copy: ghg_parameters.json key Table 10.16 (view file at commit), 168 rows.

Show all 168 rows
Category_of_animal Region Productivity_systems Default_values_for_maximum_methane_producing_capacity_(Bo)_(M3_CH4Kg-1_VS)
Dairy cattle NORTH AMERICA NA 0.24
Other cattle NORTH AMERICA NA 0.19
Buffalo NORTH AMERICA NA 0.10
Swine NORTH AMERICA NA 0.48
Chicken-Layer NORTH AMERICA NA 0.39
Chicken-Broilers NORTH AMERICA NA 0.36
All Animals PRP NORTH AMERICA NA 0.19
Sheep NORTH AMERICA NA 0.19
Goats NORTH AMERICA NA 0.18
Horses NORTH AMERICA NA 0.30
Mules/Asses NORTH AMERICA NA 0.33
Camels NORTH AMERICA NA 0.26
Dairy cattle WESTERN EUROPE NA 0.24
Other cattle WESTERN EUROPE NA 0.18
Buffalo WESTERN EUROPE NA 0.10
Swine WESTERN EUROPE NA 0.45
Chicken-Layer WESTERN EUROPE NA 0.39
Chicken-Broilers WESTERN EUROPE NA 0.36
All Animals PRP WESTERN EUROPE NA 0.19
Sheep WESTERN EUROPE NA 0.19
Goats WESTERN EUROPE NA 0.18
Horses WESTERN EUROPE NA 0.30
Mules/Asses WESTERN EUROPE NA 0.33
Camels WESTERN EUROPE NA 0.26
Dairy cattle EASTERN EUROPE NA 0.24
Other cattle EASTERN EUROPE NA 0.17
Buffalo EASTERN EUROPE NA 0.10
Swine EASTERN EUROPE NA 0.45
Chicken-Layer EASTERN EUROPE NA 0.39
Chicken-Broilers EASTERN EUROPE NA 0.36
All Animals PRP EASTERN EUROPE NA 0.19
Sheep EASTERN EUROPE NA 0.19
Goats EASTERN EUROPE NA 0.18
Horses EASTERN EUROPE NA 0.30
Mules/Asses EASTERN EUROPE NA 0.33
Camels EASTERN EUROPE NA 0.26
Dairy cattle OCEANIA NA 0.24
Other cattle OCEANIA NA 0.17
Buffalo OCEANIA NA 0.10
Swine OCEANIA NA 0.45
Chicken-Layer OCEANIA NA 0.39
Chicken-Broilers OCEANIA NA 0.36
All Animals PRP OCEANIA NA 0.19
Sheep OCEANIA NA 0.19
Goats OCEANIA NA 0.18
Horses OCEANIA NA 0.30
Mules/Asses OCEANIA NA 0.33
Camels OCEANIA NA 0.26
Dairy cattle LATIN AMERICA High productivity systems 0.24
Other cattle LATIN AMERICA High productivity systems 0.18
Buffalo LATIN AMERICA High productivity systems 0.10
Swine LATIN AMERICA High productivity systems 0.45
Chicken-Layer LATIN AMERICA High productivity systems 0.39
Chicken-Broilers LATIN AMERICA High productivity systems 0.36
All Animals PRP LATIN AMERICA High productivity systems 0.19
Sheep LATIN AMERICA High productivity systems 0.19
Goats LATIN AMERICA High productivity systems 0.18
Horses LATIN AMERICA High productivity systems 0.30
Mules/Asses LATIN AMERICA High productivity systems 0.33
Camels LATIN AMERICA High productivity systems 0.26
Dairy cattle LATIN AMERICA Low productivity systems 0.13
Other cattle LATIN AMERICA Low productivity systems 0.13
Buffalo LATIN AMERICA Low productivity systems 0.10
Swine LATIN AMERICA Low productivity systems 0.29
Chicken-Layer LATIN AMERICA Low productivity systems 0.24
Chicken-Broilers LATIN AMERICA Low productivity systems 0.24
All Animals PRP LATIN AMERICA Low productivity systems 0.19
Sheep LATIN AMERICA Low productivity systems 0.13
Goats LATIN AMERICA Low productivity systems 0.13
Horses LATIN AMERICA Low productivity systems 0.26
Mules/Asses LATIN AMERICA Low productivity systems 0.26
Camels LATIN AMERICA Low productivity systems 0.21
Dairy cattle AFRICA High productivity systems 0.24
Other cattle AFRICA High productivity systems 0.18
Buffalo AFRICA High productivity systems 0.10
Swine AFRICA High productivity systems 0.45
Chicken-Layer AFRICA High productivity systems 0.39
Chicken-Broilers AFRICA High productivity systems 0.36
All Animals PRP AFRICA High productivity systems 0.19
Sheep AFRICA High productivity systems 0.19
Goats AFRICA High productivity systems 0.18
Horses AFRICA High productivity systems 0.30
Mules/Asses AFRICA High productivity systems 0.33
Camels AFRICA High productivity systems 0.26
Dairy cattle AFRICA Low productivity systems 0.13
Other cattle AFRICA Low productivity systems 0.13
Buffalo AFRICA Low productivity systems 0.10
Swine AFRICA Low productivity systems 0.29
Chicken-Layer AFRICA Low productivity systems 0.24
Chicken-Broilers AFRICA Low productivity systems 0.24
All Animals PRP AFRICA Low productivity systems 0.19
Sheep AFRICA Low productivity systems 0.13
Goats AFRICA Low productivity systems 0.13
Horses AFRICA Low productivity systems 0.26
Mules/Asses AFRICA Low productivity systems 0.26
Camels AFRICA Low productivity systems 0.21
Dairy cattle MIDDLE EAST High productivity systems 0.24
Other cattle MIDDLE EAST High productivity systems 0.18
Buffalo MIDDLE EAST High productivity systems 0.10
Swine MIDDLE EAST High productivity systems 0.45
Chicken-Layer MIDDLE EAST High productivity systems 0.39
Chicken-Broilers MIDDLE EAST High productivity systems 0.36
All Animals PRP MIDDLE EAST High productivity systems 0.19
Sheep MIDDLE EAST High productivity systems 0.19
Goats MIDDLE EAST High productivity systems 0.18
Horses MIDDLE EAST High productivity systems 0.30
Mules/Asses MIDDLE EAST High productivity systems 0.33
Camels MIDDLE EAST High productivity systems 0.26
Dairy cattle MIDDLE EAST Low productivity systems 0.13
Other cattle MIDDLE EAST Low productivity systems 0.13
Buffalo MIDDLE EAST Low productivity systems 0.10
Swine MIDDLE EAST Low productivity systems 0.29
Chicken-Layer MIDDLE EAST Low productivity systems 0.24
Chicken-Broilers MIDDLE EAST Low productivity systems 0.24
All Animals PRP MIDDLE EAST Low productivity systems 0.19
Sheep MIDDLE EAST Low productivity systems 0.13
Goats MIDDLE EAST Low productivity systems 0.13
Horses MIDDLE EAST Low productivity systems 0.26
Mules/Asses MIDDLE EAST Low productivity systems 0.26
Camels MIDDLE EAST Low productivity systems 0.21
Dairy cattle ASIA High productivity systems 0.24
Other cattle ASIA High productivity systems 0.18
Buffalo ASIA High productivity systems 0.10
Swine ASIA High productivity systems 0.45
Chicken-Layer ASIA High productivity systems 0.39
Chicken-Broilers ASIA High productivity systems 0.36
All Animals PRP ASIA High productivity systems 0.19
Sheep ASIA High productivity systems 0.19
Goats ASIA High productivity systems 0.18
Horses ASIA High productivity systems 0.30
Mules/Asses ASIA High productivity systems 0.33
Camels ASIA High productivity systems 0.26
Dairy cattle ASIA Low productivity systems 0.13
Other cattle ASIA Low productivity systems 0.13
Buffalo ASIA Low productivity systems 0.10
Swine ASIA Low productivity systems 0.29
Chicken-Layer ASIA Low productivity systems 0.24
Chicken-Broilers ASIA Low productivity systems 0.24
All Animals PRP ASIA Low productivity systems 0.19
Sheep ASIA Low productivity systems 0.13
Goats ASIA Low productivity systems 0.13
Horses ASIA Low productivity systems 0.26
Mules/Asses ASIA Low productivity systems 0.26
Camels ASIA Low productivity systems 0.21
Dairy cattle INDIA SUB-CONTINENT High productivity systems 0.24
Other cattle INDIA SUB-CONTINENT High productivity systems 0.18
Buffalo INDIA SUB-CONTINENT High productivity systems 0.10
Swine INDIA SUB-CONTINENT High productivity systems 0.45
Chicken-Layer INDIA SUB-CONTINENT High productivity systems 0.39
Chicken-Broilers INDIA SUB-CONTINENT High productivity systems 0.36
All Animals PRP INDIA SUB-CONTINENT High productivity systems 0.19
Sheep INDIA SUB-CONTINENT High productivity systems 0.19
Goats INDIA SUB-CONTINENT High productivity systems 0.18
Horses INDIA SUB-CONTINENT High productivity systems 0.30
Mules/Asses INDIA SUB-CONTINENT High productivity systems 0.33
Camels INDIA SUB-CONTINENT High productivity systems 0.26
Dairy cattle INDIA SUB-CONTINENT Low productivity systems 0.13
Other cattle INDIA SUB-CONTINENT Low productivity systems 0.13
Buffalo INDIA SUB-CONTINENT Low productivity systems 0.10
Swine INDIA SUB-CONTINENT Low productivity systems 0.29
Chicken-Layer INDIA SUB-CONTINENT Low productivity systems 0.24
Chicken-Broilers INDIA SUB-CONTINENT Low productivity systems 0.24
All Animals PRP INDIA SUB-CONTINENT Low productivity systems 0.19
Sheep INDIA SUB-CONTINENT Low productivity systems 0.13
Goats INDIA SUB-CONTINENT Low productivity systems 0.13
Horses INDIA SUB-CONTINENT Low productivity systems 0.26
Mules/Asses INDIA SUB-CONTINENT Low productivity systems 0.26
Camels INDIA SUB-CONTINENT Low productivity systems 0.21

Table 10.17 (printed p. 68)

Methane conversion factors (MCF, %) for manure management systems by climate zone (pp. 10.68-10.70). Open the PDF at this page.

Review note: Critical/High finding CL F07: the package's manure-system labels do not match the keys in this table, so MCF becomes NA.

Package copy: ghg_parameters.json key Table 10.17 (view file at commit), 280 rows.

Show all 280 rows
Manure_management_systems Manure management systems climate MCFs
Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Cool Temperate Moist 0.6000
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 1 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 1 Month Cool Temperate Moist 0.0600
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 3 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 3 Month Cool Temperate Moist 0.1200
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 4 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 4 Month Cool Temperate Moist 0.1500
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 6 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 6 Month Cool Temperate Moist 0.2100
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 12 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 12 Month Cool Temperate Moist 0.3100
Cattle and swine deep bedding > 1 month Cattle and Swine deep bedding (cont.) > 1 month Cool Temperate Moist 0.2100
Cattle and swine deep bedding < 1 month Cattle and Swine deep bedding < 1 month Cool Temperate Moist 0.0275
Solid storage Solid storage Cool Temperate Moist 0.0200
Solid storage - Covered/compacted Solid storage - Covered/compacted Cool Temperate Moist 0.0200
Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Cool Temperate Moist 0.0050
Solid storage - Additives Solid storage - Additives Cool Temperate Moist 0.0100
Dry lot Dry lot Cool Temperate Moist 0.0100
Daily spread Daily spread Cool Temperate Moist 0.0000
Composting - In-vessel Composting - In-vessel Cool Temperate Moist 0.0100
Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Cool Temperate Dry 0.6700
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 1 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 1 Month Cool Temperate Dry 0.0800
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 3 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 3 Month Cool Temperate Dry 0.1600
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 4 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 4 Month Cool Temperate Dry 0.1900
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 6 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 6 Month Cool Temperate Dry 0.2600
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 12 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 12 Month Cool Temperate Dry 0.4200
Cattle and swine deep bedding > 1 month Cattle and Swine deep bedding (cont.) > 1 month Cool Temperate Dry 0.2600
Cattle and swine deep bedding < 1 month Cattle and Swine deep bedding < 1 month Cool Temperate Dry 0.0275
Solid storage Solid storage Cool Temperate Dry 0.0200
Solid storage - Covered/compacted Solid storage - Covered/compacted Cool Temperate Dry 0.0200
Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Cool Temperate Dry 0.0050
Solid storage - Additives Solid storage - Additives Cool Temperate Dry 0.0100
Dry lot Dry lot Cool Temperate Dry 0.0100
Daily spread Daily spread Cool Temperate Dry 0.0000
Composting - In-vessel Composting - In-vessel Cool Temperate Dry 0.0100
Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Boreal Moist 0.5000
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 1 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 1 Month Boreal Moist 0.0400
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 3 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 3 Month Boreal Moist 0.0800
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 4 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 4 Month Boreal Moist 0.0900
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 6 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 6 Month Boreal Moist 0.1400
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 12 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 12 Month Boreal Moist 0.2100
Cattle and swine deep bedding > 1 month Cattle and Swine deep bedding (cont.) > 1 month Boreal Moist 0.1400
Cattle and swine deep bedding < 1 month Cattle and Swine deep bedding < 1 month Boreal Moist 0.0275
Solid storage Solid storage Boreal Moist 0.0200
Solid storage - Covered/compacted Solid storage - Covered/compacted Boreal Moist 0.0200
Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Boreal Moist 0.0050
Solid storage - Additives Solid storage - Additives Boreal Moist 0.0100
Dry lot Dry lot Boreal Moist 0.0100
Daily spread Daily spread Boreal Moist 0.0000
Composting - In-vessel Composting - In-vessel Boreal Moist 0.0100
Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Boreal Dry 0.4900
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 1 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 1 Month Boreal Dry 0.0400
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 3 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 3 Month Boreal Dry 0.0800
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 4 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 4 Month Boreal Dry 0.0900
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 6 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 6 Month Boreal Dry 0.1400
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 12 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 12 Month Boreal Dry 0.2000
Cattle and swine deep bedding > 1 month Cattle and Swine deep bedding (cont.) > 1 month Boreal Dry 0.1400
Cattle and swine deep bedding < 1 month Cattle and Swine deep bedding < 1 month Boreal Dry 0.0275
Solid storage Solid storage Boreal Dry 0.0200
Solid storage - Covered/compacted Solid storage - Covered/compacted Boreal Dry 0.0200
Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Boreal Dry 0.0050
Solid storage - Additives Solid storage - Additives Boreal Dry 0.0100
Dry lot Dry lot Boreal Dry 0.0100
Daily spread Daily spread Boreal Dry 0.0000
Composting - In-vessel Composting - In-vessel Boreal Dry 0.0100
Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Warm Temperate Moist 0.7300
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 1 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 1 Month Warm Temperate Moist 0.1300
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 3 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 3 Month Warm Temperate Moist 0.2400
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 4 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 4 Month Warm Temperate Moist 0.2900
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 6 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 6 Month Warm Temperate Moist 0.3700
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 12 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 12 Month Warm Temperate Moist 0.5500
Cattle and swine deep bedding > 1 month Cattle and Swine deep bedding (cont.) > 1 month Warm Temperate Moist 0.3700
Cattle and swine deep bedding < 1 month Cattle and Swine deep bedding < 1 month Warm Temperate Moist 0.0650
Solid storage Solid storage Warm Temperate Moist 0.0400
Solid storage - Covered/compacted Solid storage - Covered/compacted Warm Temperate Moist 0.0400
Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Warm Temperate Moist 0.0100
Solid storage - Additives Solid storage - Additives Warm Temperate Moist 0.0200
Dry lot Dry lot Warm Temperate Moist 0.0150
Daily spread Daily spread Warm Temperate Moist 0.0100
Composting - In-vessel Composting - In-vessel Warm Temperate Moist 0.0100
Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Warm Temperate Dry 0.7600
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 1 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 1 Month Warm Temperate Dry 0.1500
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 3 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 3 Month Warm Temperate Dry 0.2800
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 4 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 4 Month Warm Temperate Dry 0.3200
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 6 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 6 Month Warm Temperate Dry 0.4100
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 12 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 12 Month Warm Temperate Dry 0.6400
Cattle and swine deep bedding > 1 month Cattle and Swine deep bedding (cont.) > 1 month Warm Temperate Dry 0.4100
Cattle and swine deep bedding < 1 month Cattle and Swine deep bedding < 1 month Warm Temperate Dry 0.0650
Solid storage Solid storage Warm Temperate Dry 0.0400
Solid storage - Covered/compacted Solid storage - Covered/compacted Warm Temperate Dry 0.0400
Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Warm Temperate Dry 0.0100
Solid storage - Additives Solid storage - Additives Warm Temperate Dry 0.0200
Dry lot Dry lot Warm Temperate Dry 0.0150
Daily spread Daily spread Warm Temperate Dry 0.0100
Composting - In-vessel Composting - In-vessel Warm Temperate Dry 0.0100
Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Tropical Montane 0.7600
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 1 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 1 Month Tropical Montane 0.2500
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 3 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 3 Month Tropical Montane 0.4300
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 4 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 4 Month Tropical Montane 0.5000
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 6 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 6 Month Tropical Montane 0.5900
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 12 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 12 Month Tropical Montane 0.7300
Cattle and swine deep bedding > 1 month Cattle and Swine deep bedding (cont.) > 1 month Tropical Montane 0.5900
Cattle and swine deep bedding < 1 month Cattle and Swine deep bedding < 1 month Tropical Montane 0.1800
Solid storage Solid storage Tropical Montane 0.0500
Solid storage - Covered/compacted Solid storage - Covered/compacted Tropical Montane 0.0500
Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Tropical Montane 0.0150
Solid storage - Additives Solid storage - Additives Tropical Montane 0.0250
Dry lot Dry lot Tropical Montane 0.0200
Daily spread Daily spread Tropical Montane 0.0100
Composting - In-vessel Composting - In-vessel Tropical Montane 0.0100
Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Tropical Wet 0.8000
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 1 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 1 Month Tropical Wet 0.3800
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 3 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 3 Month Tropical Wet 0.6100
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 4 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 4 Month Tropical Wet 0.6700
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 6 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 6 Month Tropical Wet 0.7600
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 12 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 12 Month Tropical Wet 0.8000
Cattle and swine deep bedding > 1 month Cattle and Swine deep bedding (cont.) > 1 month Tropical Wet 0.7600
Cattle and swine deep bedding < 1 month Cattle and Swine deep bedding < 1 month Tropical Wet 0.1800
Solid storage Solid storage Tropical Wet 0.0500
Solid storage - Covered/compacted Solid storage - Covered/compacted Tropical Wet 0.0500
Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Tropical Wet 0.0150
Solid storage - Additives Solid storage - Additives Tropical Wet 0.0250
Dry lot Dry lot Tropical Wet 0.0200
Daily spread Daily spread Tropical Wet 0.0100
Composting - In-vessel Composting - In-vessel Tropical Wet 0.0100
Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Tropical Moist 0.8000
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 1 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 1 Month Tropical Moist 0.3600
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 3 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 3 Month Tropical Moist 0.5700
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 4 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 4 Month Tropical Moist 0.6400
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 6 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 6 Month Tropical Moist 0.7300
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 12 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 12 Month Tropical Moist 0.8000
Cattle and swine deep bedding > 1 month Cattle and Swine deep bedding (cont.) > 1 month Tropical Moist 0.7300
Cattle and swine deep bedding < 1 month Cattle and Swine deep bedding < 1 month Tropical Moist 0.1800
Solid storage Solid storage Tropical Moist 0.0500
Solid storage - Covered/compacted Solid storage - Covered/compacted Tropical Moist 0.0500
Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Tropical Moist 0.0150
Solid storage - Additives Solid storage - Additives Tropical Moist 0.0250
Dry lot Dry lot Tropical Moist 0.0200
Daily spread Daily spread Tropical Moist 0.0100
Composting - In-vessel Composting - In-vessel Tropical Moist 0.0100
Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Tropical Dry 0.8000
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 1 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 1 Month Tropical Dry 0.4200
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 3 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 3 Month Tropical Dry 0.6200
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 4 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 4 Month Tropical Dry 0.6800
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 6 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 6 Month Tropical Dry 0.7400
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 12 Month Liquid/Slurry, and Pit storage below animal confinements 12 Month Tropical Dry 0.8000
Cattle and swine deep bedding > 1 month Cattle and Swine deep bedding (cont.) > 1 month Tropical Dry 0.7400
Cattle and swine deep bedding < 1 month Cattle and Swine deep bedding < 1 month Tropical Dry 0.1800
Solid storage Solid storage Tropical Dry 0.0500
Solid storage - Covered/compacted Solid storage - Covered/compacted Tropical Dry 0.0500
Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Tropical Dry 0.0150
Solid storage - Additives Solid storage - Additives Tropical Dry 0.0250
Dry lot Dry lot Tropical Dry 0.0200
Daily spread Daily spread Tropical Dry 0.0100
Composting - In-vessel Composting - In-vessel Tropical Dry 0.0100
Composting - Static pile (forced aeration) Composting - Static pile (Forced aeration) Cool Temperate Moist 0.0100
Composting - Intensive windrow Composting - Intensive windrow Cool Temperate Moist 0.0050
Composting - Unfrequent turning Composting - Passive windrow (Unfrequent turning) Cool Temperate Moist 0.0100
Pasture/Range/Paddock Pasture / range / paddock Cool Temperate Moist 0.0047
Poultry manure with and without litter Poultry manure with and without litter Cool Temperate Moist 0.0150
Aerobic treatment Aerobic treatment Cool Temperate Moist 0.0000
Burned for fuel Burned for fuel Cool Temperate Moist 0.1000
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, HQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality gastight storage, best complete industrial technology Cool Temperate Moist 0.0100
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality industrial technology, low quality gastight storage technology Cool Temperate Moist 0.0141
Anaer digester, Low leak, open stor, HQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality industrial technology, open storage Cool Temperate Moist 0.0355
Anaer digester, High leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, high quality gastight storage technology Cool Temperate Moist 0.0959
Anaer digester, High leak, LQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, low quality gastight storage technology Cool Temperate Moist 0.1085
Anaer digester, High leak, open stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, open storage Cool Temperate Moist 0.1214
Composting - Static pile (forced aeration) Composting - Static pile (Forced aeration) Cool Temperate Dry 0.0100
Composting - Intensive windrow Composting - Intensive windrow Cool Temperate Dry 0.0050
Composting - Unfrequent turning Composting - Passive windrow (Unfrequent turning) Cool Temperate Dry 0.0100
Pasture/Range/Paddock Pasture / range / paddock Cool Temperate Dry 0.0047
Poultry manure with and without litter Poultry manure with and without litter Cool Temperate Dry 0.0150
Aerobic treatment Aerobic treatment Cool Temperate Dry 0.0000
Burned for fuel Burned for fuel Cool Temperate Dry 0.1000
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, HQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality gastight storage, best complete industrial technology Cool Temperate Dry 0.0100
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality industrial technology, low quality gastight storage technology Cool Temperate Dry 0.0141
Anaer digester, Low leak, open stor, HQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality industrial technology, open storage Cool Temperate Dry 0.0355
Anaer digester, High leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, high quality gastight storage technology Cool Temperate Dry 0.0959
Anaer digester, High leak, LQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, low quality gastight storage technology Cool Temperate Dry 0.1085
Anaer digester, High leak, open stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, open storage Cool Temperate Dry 0.1214
Composting - Static pile (forced aeration) Composting - Static pile (Forced aeration) Boreal Moist 0.0100
Composting - Intensive windrow Composting - Intensive windrow Boreal Moist 0.0050
Composting - Unfrequent turning Composting - Passive windrow (Unfrequent turning) Boreal Moist 0.0100
Pasture/Range/Paddock Pasture / range / paddock Boreal Moist 0.0047
Poultry manure with and without litter Poultry manure with and without litter Boreal Moist 0.0150
Aerobic treatment Aerobic treatment Boreal Moist 0.0000
Burned for fuel Burned for fuel Boreal Moist 0.1000
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, HQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality gastight storage, best complete industrial technology Boreal Moist 0.0100
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality industrial technology, low quality gastight storage technology Boreal Moist 0.0141
Anaer digester, Low leak, open stor, HQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality industrial technology, open storage Boreal Moist 0.0355
Anaer digester, High leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, high quality gastight storage technology Boreal Moist 0.0959
Anaer digester, High leak, LQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, low quality gastight storage technology Boreal Moist 0.1085
Anaer digester, High leak, open stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, open storage Boreal Moist 0.1214
Composting - Static pile (forced aeration) Composting - Static pile (Forced aeration) Boreal Dry 0.0100
Composting - Intensive windrow Composting - Intensive windrow Boreal Dry 0.0050
Composting - Unfrequent turning Composting - Passive windrow (Unfrequent turning) Boreal Dry 0.0100
Pasture/Range/Paddock Pasture / range / paddock Boreal Dry 0.0047
Poultry manure with and without litter Poultry manure with and without litter Boreal Dry 0.0150
Aerobic treatment Aerobic treatment Boreal Dry 0.0000
Burned for fuel Burned for fuel Boreal Dry 0.1000
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, HQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality gastight storage, best complete industrial technology Boreal Dry 0.0100
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality industrial technology, low quality gastight storage technology Boreal Dry 0.0141
Anaer digester, Low leak, open stor, HQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality industrial technology, open storage Boreal Dry 0.0355
Anaer digester, High leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, high quality gastight storage technology Boreal Dry 0.0959
Anaer digester, High leak, LQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, low quality gastight storage technology Boreal Dry 0.1085
Anaer digester, High leak, open stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, open storage Boreal Dry 0.1214
Composting - Static pile (forced aeration) Composting - Static pile (Forced aeration) Warm Temperate Moist 0.0200
Composting - Intensive windrow Composting - Intensive windrow Warm Temperate Moist 0.0100
Composting - Unfrequent turning Composting - Passive windrow (Unfrequent turning) Warm Temperate Moist 0.0200
Pasture/Range/Paddock Pasture / range / paddock Warm Temperate Moist 0.0047
Poultry manure with and without litter Poultry manure with and without litter Warm Temperate Moist 0.0150
Aerobic treatment Aerobic treatment Warm Temperate Moist 0.0000
Burned for fuel Burned for fuel Warm Temperate Moist 0.1000
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, HQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality gastight storage, best complete industrial technology Warm Temperate Moist 0.0100
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality industrial technology, low quality gastight storage technology Warm Temperate Moist 0.0141
Anaer digester, Low leak, open stor, HQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality industrial technology, open storage Warm Temperate Moist 0.0438
Anaer digester, High leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, high quality gastight storage technology Warm Temperate Moist 0.0959
Anaer digester, High leak, LQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, low quality gastight storage technology Warm Temperate Moist 0.1085
Anaer digester, High leak, open stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, open storage Warm Temperate Moist 0.1297
Composting - Static pile (forced aeration) Composting - Static pile (Forced aeration) Warm Temperate Dry 0.0200
Composting - Intensive windrow Composting - Intensive windrow Warm Temperate Dry 0.0100
Composting - Unfrequent turning Composting - Passive windrow (Unfrequent turning) Warm Temperate Dry 0.0200
Pasture/Range/Paddock Pasture / range / paddock Warm Temperate Dry 0.0047
Poultry manure with and without litter Poultry manure with and without litter Warm Temperate Dry 0.0150
Aerobic treatment Aerobic treatment Warm Temperate Dry 0.0000
Burned for fuel Burned for fuel Warm Temperate Dry 0.1000
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, HQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality gastight storage, best complete industrial technology Warm Temperate Dry 0.0100
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality industrial technology, low quality gastight storage technology Warm Temperate Dry 0.0141
Anaer digester, Low leak, open stor, HQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality industrial technology, open storage Warm Temperate Dry 0.0438
Anaer digester, High leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, high quality gastight storage technology Warm Temperate Dry 0.0959
Anaer digester, High leak, LQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, low quality gastight storage technology Warm Temperate Dry 0.1085
Anaer digester, High leak, open stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, open storage Warm Temperate Dry 0.1297
Composting - Static pile (forced aeration) Composting - Static pile (Forced aeration) Tropical Montane 0.0250
Composting - Intensive windrow Composting - Intensive windrow Tropical Montane 0.0150
Composting - Unfrequent turning Composting - Passive windrow (Unfrequent turning) Tropical Montane 0.0250
Pasture/Range/Paddock Pasture / range / paddock Tropical Montane 0.0047
Poultry manure with and without litter Poultry manure with and without litter Tropical Montane 0.0150
Aerobic treatment Aerobic treatment Tropical Montane 0.0000
Burned for fuel Burned for fuel Tropical Montane 0.1000
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, HQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality gastight storage, best complete industrial technology Tropical Montane 0.0100
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality industrial technology, low quality gastight storage technology Tropical Montane 0.0141
Anaer digester, Low leak, open stor, HQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality industrial technology, open storage Tropical Montane 0.0438
Anaer digester, High leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, high quality gastight storage technology Tropical Montane 0.0959
Anaer digester, High leak, LQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, low quality gastight storage technology Tropical Montane 0.1085
Anaer digester, High leak, open stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, open storage Tropical Montane 0.1297
Composting - Static pile (forced aeration) Composting - Static pile (Forced aeration) Tropical Wet 0.0250
Composting - Intensive windrow Composting - Intensive windrow Tropical Wet 0.0150
Composting - Unfrequent turning Composting - Passive windrow (Unfrequent turning) Tropical Wet 0.0250
Pasture/Range/Paddock Pasture / range / paddock Tropical Wet 0.0047
Poultry manure with and without litter Poultry manure with and without litter Tropical Wet 0.0150
Aerobic treatment Aerobic treatment Tropical Wet 0.0000
Burned for fuel Burned for fuel Tropical Wet 0.1000
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, HQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality gastight storage, best complete industrial technology Tropical Wet 0.0100
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality industrial technology, low quality gastight storage technology Tropical Wet 0.0141
Anaer digester, Low leak, open stor, HQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality industrial technology, open storage Tropical Wet 0.0459
Anaer digester, High leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, high quality gastight storage technology Tropical Wet 0.0959
Anaer digester, High leak, LQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, low quality gastight storage technology Tropical Wet 0.1085
Anaer digester, High leak, open stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, open storage Tropical Wet 0.1317
Composting - Static pile (forced aeration) Composting - Static pile (Forced aeration) Tropical Moist 0.0250
Composting - Intensive windrow Composting - Intensive windrow Tropical Moist 0.0150
Composting - Unfrequent turning Composting - Passive windrow (Unfrequent turning) Tropical Moist 0.0250
Pasture/Range/Paddock Pasture / range / paddock Tropical Moist 0.0047
Poultry manure with and without litter Poultry manure with and without litter Tropical Moist 0.0150
Aerobic treatment Aerobic treatment Tropical Moist 0.0000
Burned for fuel Burned for fuel Tropical Moist 0.1000
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, HQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality gastight storage, best complete industrial technology Tropical Moist 0.0100
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality industrial technology, low quality gastight storage technology Tropical Moist 0.0141
Anaer digester, Low leak, open stor, HQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality industrial technology, open storage Tropical Moist 0.0459
Anaer digester, High leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, high quality gastight storage technology Tropical Moist 0.0959
Anaer digester, High leak, LQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, low quality gastight storage technology Tropical Moist 0.1085
Anaer digester, High leak, open stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, open storage Tropical Moist 0.1317
Composting - Static pile (forced aeration) Composting - Static pile (Forced aeration) Tropical Dry 0.0250
Composting - Intensive windrow Composting - Intensive windrow Tropical Dry 0.0150
Composting - Unfrequent turning Composting - Passive windrow (Unfrequent turning) Tropical Dry 0.0250
Pasture/Range/Paddock Pasture / range / paddock Tropical Dry 0.0047
Poultry manure with and without litter Poultry manure with and without litter Tropical Dry 0.0150
Aerobic treatment Aerobic treatment Tropical Dry 0.0000
Burned for fuel Burned for fuel Tropical Dry 0.1000
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, HQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality gastight storage, best complete industrial technology Tropical Dry 0.0100
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality industrial technology, low quality gastight storage technology Tropical Dry 0.0141
Anaer digester, Low leak, open stor, HQ tec Anaerobic Digester, Low leakage, High quality industrial technology, open storage Tropical Dry 0.0459
Anaer digester, High leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, high quality gastight storage technology Tropical Dry 0.0959
Anaer digester, High leak, LQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, low quality gastight storage technology Tropical Dry 0.1085
Anaer digester, High leak, open stor, LQ tec Anaerobic Digester, High leakage, low quality technology, open storage Tropical Dry 0.1317

Eq. 10.28 (printed p. 78)

Tier 2 manure CH4 emission factor from VS, Bo, MCF and the share of manure in each system. Open the PDF at this page.

Eq. 10.31 (printed p. 81)

Annual N excretion, option 1: Nex = N_intake x (1 - N_retention_frac) x 365, with N_retention_frac a dimensionless fraction (default values in Table 10.20). Open the PDF at this page.

Eq. 10.31A (printed p. 81)

Annual N excretion, option 2: Nex = (N_intake - N_retention) x 365, both in kg N/head/day. Page 10.85 states that cattle N excretion is calculated with this option. Open the PDF at this page.

Review note: The package uses the kg N/day retention from Eq. 10.33 as if it were the fraction in option 1 (critical issue 2).

Eq. 10.32 (printed p. 82)

Daily N intake for cattle, sheep and goats: N_intake = (GE / 18.45) x (CP% / 100) / 6.25, kg N/head/day. Open the PDF at this page.

Table 10.20 (printed p. 85)

Default N retention fractions by species, for Eq. 10.31 option 1. Open the PDF at this page.

Eq. 10.33 (printed p. 85)

Daily N retention for cattle: milk term Milk x (Milk PR% / 100) / 6.38 plus gain term WG x (268 - 7.03 x NEg / WG) / 1000 / 6.25, with Milk and WG in kg/day and NEg in MJ/day. Result in kg N/head/day. Open the PDF at this page.

Table 10.21 (printed p. 91)

Direct N2O emission factors (EF3) by manure management system (pp. 10.91-10.93). Open the PDF at this page.

Review note: Climate review F08: duplicate keys in the package copy cause a many-to-many join.

Package copy: ghg_parameters.json key Table 10.21 (view file at commit), 34 rows.

system systems definition direct_nitrous_oxide_factor
Pasture/Range/Paddock Pasture / range / paddock The manure from pasture and range grazing animals is allowed to lie as is, and is not managed. NA
Daily spread Daily spread Manure is routinely removed from a confinement facility and is applied to cropland or pasture within 24 hours of excretion. N2O emissions during storage and treatment are assumed to be zero. N2O emissions from land application are covered under the Agricultural Soils category. 0e+00
Solid storage Solid storage The storage of manure, typically for a period of several months, in unconfined piles or stacks. Manure is able to be stacked due to the presence of a sufficient amount of bedding material or loss of moisture by evaporation. 1e-02
Solid storage - Covered/compacted Solid storage-Covered/compacted Similar to solid storage, but the manure pile is a) covered with a plastic sheet to reduce the surface of manure exposed to air and/or b) compacted to increase the density and reduce the free air space within the material. 1e-02
Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Solidstorage-Bulking agent addition Specific materials (bulking agents) are mixed with the manure to provide structural support. This allows the natural aeration of the pile, thus enhancing decomposition. (e.g. sawdust, straw, coffee husks, maize stover) 5e-03
Solid storage - Additives Solid storage - Additives The addition of specific substances to the pile in order to reduce gaseous emissions. Addition of certain compounds such as attapulgite, dicyandiamide or mature compost have shown to reduce N2O emissions; while phosphogypsum reduce CH4 emissions 5e-03
Dry lot Dry lot A paved or unpaved open confinement area without any significant vegetative cover where accumulating manure may be removed periodically. Dry lots are most typically found in dry climate_zones but also are used in humid climate_zones. 2e-02
Liquid/Slurry Liquid/Slurry Manure is stored as excreted or with some minimal addition of water to facilitate handling and is stored in either tanks or earthen ponds:With a natural crust cover 5e-03
Liquid/Slurry Liquid/Slurry Manure is stored as excreted or with some minimal addition of water to facilitate handling and is stored in either tanks or earthen ponds:Without natural crust cover 0e+00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 1 Month Liquid/Slurry Manure is stored as excreted or with some minimal addition of water to facilitate handling and is stored in either tanks or earthen ponds:Cover 5e-03
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 3 Month Liquid/Slurry Manure is stored as excreted or with some minimal addition of water to facilitate handling and is stored in either tanks or earthen ponds:Cover 5e-03
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 4 Month Liquid/Slurry Manure is stored as excreted or with some minimal addition of water to facilitate handling and is stored in either tanks or earthen ponds:Cover 5e-03
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 6 Month Liquid/Slurry Manure is stored as excreted or with some minimal addition of water to facilitate handling and is stored in either tanks or earthen ponds:Cover 5e-03
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 12 Month Liquid/Slurry Manure is stored as excreted or with some minimal addition of water to facilitate handling and is stored in either tanks or earthen ponds:Cover 5e-03
Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Anaerobic lagoons are designed and operated to combine waste stabilization and storage. Lagoon supernatant is usually used to remove manure from the associated confinement facilities to the lagoon. Anaerobic lagoons are designed with varying lengths of storage (up to a year or greater), depending on the climate region, the volatile solids loading rate, and other operational factors. The water from the lagoon may be recycled as flush water or used to irrigate and fertilise fields. 0e+00
Pit storage below animal confinements Pit storage below animal confinements Collection and storage of manure usually with little or no added water typically below a slatted floor in an enclosed animal confinement facility. 2e-03
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, HQ tec Anaerobic digester Anaerobic digesters are designed and operated for waste stabilization by the microbial reduction of complex organic compounds to CH4 and CO2, which is captured and flared or used as a fuel. 6e-04
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Anaerobic digesters are designed and operated for waste stabilization by the microbial reduction of complex organic compounds to CH4 and CO2, which is captured and flared or used as a fuel. 6e-04
Anaer digester, Low leak, open stor, HQ tec Anaerobic digester Anaerobic digesters are designed and operated for waste stabilization by the microbial reduction of complex organic compounds to CH4 and CO2, which is captured and flared or used as a fuel. 6e-04
Anaer digester, High leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Anaerobic digesters are designed and operated for waste stabilization by the microbial reduction of complex organic compounds to CH4 and CO2, which is captured and flared or used as a fuel. 6e-04
Anaer digester, High leak, LQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Anaerobic digesters are designed and operated for waste stabilization by the microbial reduction of complex organic compounds to CH4 and CO2, which is captured and flared or used as a fuel. 6e-04
Anaer digester, High leak, open stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Anaerobic digesters are designed and operated for waste stabilization by the microbial reduction of complex organic compounds to CH4 and CO2, which is captured and flared or used as a fuel. 6e-04
Burned for fuel or as waste Burned for fuel or as waste The dung is excreted on fields. The sun dried dung cakes are burned for fuel. NA
Burned for fuel or as waste Burned for fuel or as waste Urine N deposited on pasture and paddock NA
Cattle and swine deep bedding > 1 month Cattle and swine deep bedding As manure accumulates, bedding is continually added to absorb moisture over a production cycle and possibly for as long as 6 to 12 months. This manure management system also is known as a bedded pack manure management system and may be combined with a dry lot or pasture: No mixing 1e-02
Cattle and swine deep bedding < 1 month Cattle and swine deep bedding As manure accumulates, bedding is continually added to absorb moisture over a production cycle and possibly for as long as 6 to 12 months. This manure management system also is known as a bedded pack manure management system and may be combined with a dry lot or pasture: Active mixing 7e-02
Composting - In-vessel Composting - In- Vessel Composting, typically in an enclosed channel, with forced aeration and continuous mixing. 6e-03
Composting - Static pile (forced aeration) Composting - Static Pile (Forced aeration) Composting in piles with forced aeration but no mixing. 1e-02
Composting - Intensive windrow Composting - Intensive Windrow (Frequent turning) Composting in windrows with regular turning for mixing and aeration. 5e-03
Composting - Unfrequent turning Composting- Passive windrow (infrequent turning) Composting in windrows with infrequent turning for mixing and aeration. 5e-03
Poultry manure with litter Poultry manure with litter Similar to deep bedding systems. Typically used for all poultry breeder flocks and for the production of meat type chickens (broilers) and other fowl. 1e-03
Poultry manure without litter Poultry manure without litter May be similar to open pits in enclosed animal confinement facilities or may be designed and operated to dry the manure as it accumulates. The latter is known as a high-rise manure management system and is a form of passive windrow composting when designed and operated properly. 1e-03
Aerobic treatment Aerobic treatment The biological oxidation of manure collected as a liquid with either forced or natural aeration. Natural aeration is limited to aerobic and facultative ponds and wetland systems and is due primarily to photosynthesis. Hence, these systems typically become anoxic during periods without sunlight: Natural aeration systems 1e-02
Aerobic treatment2 Aerobic treatment The biological oxidation of manure collected as a liquid with either forced or natural aeration. Natural aeration is limited to aerobic and facultative ponds and wetland systems and is due primarily to photosynthesis. Hence, these systems typically become anoxic during periods without sunlight:Forced aeration systems 5e-03

Eq. 10.34A (printed p. 95)

N loss from manure management systems for the indirect N2O calculation. Open the PDF at this page.

Table 10.22 (printed p. 97)

Fractions of managed manure N lost as NH3/NOx (FracGasMS) and by leaching (FracLeachMS), pp. 10.97-10.98. Open the PDF at this page.

Package copy: ghg_parameters.json key Table 10.22 (view file at commit), 160 rows.

Show all 160 rows
system systems livestock_category FracGas_MS FracGas_MS_range Frac_leach_MS
Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Swine 0.40 (0.25 - 0.75) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 1 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Swine 0.30 (0.09 - 0.36) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 3 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Swine 0.30 (0.09 - 0.36) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 4 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Swine 0.30 (0.09 - 0.36) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 6 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Swine 0.30 (0.09 - 0.36) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 12 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Swine 0.30 (0.09 - 0.36) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry: Without natural crust cover Liquid/Slurry: Without natural crust cover Swine 0.48 (0.15 - 0.60) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry: With cover Liquid/Slurry: With cover Swine 0.10 (0.03 - 0.12) 0.00
Pit storage below animal confinements Pit storage below animal confinements Swine 0.25 (0.15 - 0.30) 0.00
Daily spread Daily spread Swine 0.07 (0.05 - 0.60) 0.00
Solid storage Solid storage Swine 0.45 (0.10 - 0.65) 0.02
Solid storage - Covered/compacted Solid storage - Covered/compacted Swine 0.22 (0.04-0.26) 0.00
Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Swine 0.58 (0.11-0.70) 0.02
Solid storage - Additives Solid storage - Additives Swine 0.17 (0.03-0.21) 0.02
Dry lot Dry lot Swine 0.45 (0.10 - 0.65) 0.04
Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Dairy Cow 0.35 (0.20 - 0.80) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 1 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Dairy Cow 0.30 (0.09 - 0.36) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 3 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Dairy Cow 0.30 (0.09 - 0.36) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 4 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Dairy Cow 0.30 (0.09 - 0.36) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 6 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Dairy Cow 0.30 (0.09 - 0.36) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 12 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Dairy Cow 0.30 (0.09 - 0.36) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry: Without natural crust cover Liquid/Slurry: Without natural crust cover Dairy Cow 0.48 (0.15 - 0.60) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry: With cover Liquid/Slurry: With cover Dairy Cow 0.10 (0.03 - 0.12) 0.00
Pit storage below animal confinements Pit storage below animal confinements Dairy Cow 0.28 (0.10 - 0.40) 0.00
Daily spread Daily spread Dairy Cow 0.07 (0.05 - 0.60) 0.00
Solid storage Solid storage Dairy Cow 0.30 (0.10 -0.40) 0.02
Solid storage - Covered/compacted Solid storage - Covered/compacted Dairy Cow 0.14 (0.02-0.17) 0.00
Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Dairy Cow 0.38 (0.06-0.46) 0.02
Solid storage - Additives Solid storage - Additives Dairy Cow 0.11 (0.01-0.14) 0.02
Dry lot Dry lot Dairy Cow 0.30 (0.20 - 0.50) 0.04
Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Poultry 0.40 (0.25 - 0.75) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 1 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Poultry NA NA 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 3 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Poultry NA NA 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 4 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Poultry NA NA 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 6 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Poultry NA NA 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 12 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Poultry NA NA 0.00
Liquid/Slurry: Without natural crust cover Liquid/Slurry: Without natural crust cover Poultry 0.40 (0.25 - 0.75) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry: With cover Liquid/Slurry: With cover Poultry 0.08 (0.05-0.15) 0.00
Pit storage below animal confinements Pit storage below animal confinements Poultry 0.28 (0.10 - 0.40) 0.00
Daily spread Daily spread Poultry 0.07 (0.05 - 0.60) 0.00
Solid storage Solid storage Poultry 0.40 (0.12 - 0.60) 0.02
Solid storage - Covered/compacted Solid storage - Covered/compacted Poultry 0.20 (0.04-0.24) 0.00
Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Poultry 0.54 (0.10-0.65) 0.02
Solid storage - Additives Solid storage - Additives Poultry 0.16 (0.03-0.20) 0.02
Dry lot Dry lot Poultry NA NA 0.04
Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Other Cattle 0.35 (0.20 - 0.80) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 1 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Other Cattle 0.30 (0.09 - 0.36) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 3 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Other Cattle 0.30 (0.09 - 0.36) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 4 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Other Cattle 0.30 (0.09 - 0.36) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 6 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Other Cattle 0.30 (0.09 - 0.36) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 12 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Other Cattle 0.30 (0.09 - 0.36) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry: Without natural crust cover Liquid/Slurry: Without natural crust cover Other Cattle 0.48 (0.15 - 0.60) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry: With cover Liquid/Slurry: With cover Other Cattle 0.10 (0.03 - 0.12) 0.00
Pit storage below animal confinements Pit storage below animal confinements Other Cattle 0.25 (0.15 - 0.30) 0.00
Daily spread Daily spread Other Cattle 0.07 (0.05 - 0.60) 0.00
Solid storage Solid storage Other Cattle 0.45 (0.10 - 0.65) 0.02
Solid storage - Covered/compacted Solid storage - Covered/compacted Other Cattle 0.22 (0.03-0.26) 0.00
Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Other Cattle 0.58 (0.08-0.70) 0.02
Solid storage - Additives Solid storage - Additives Other Cattle 0.17 (0.02-0.21) 0.02
Dry lot Dry lot Other Cattle 0.30 (0.20 - 0.50) 0.04
Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Uncovered anaerobic lagoon Other animals 0.35 (0.20 - 0.80) 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 1 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Other animals 0.09 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 3 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Other animals 0.09 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 4 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Other animals 0.09 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 6 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Other animals 0.09 0.00
Liquid/Slurry Pit below animals 12 Month Liquid/Slurry: With natural crust cover Other animals 0.09 0.00
Liquid/Slurry: Without natural crust cover Liquid/Slurry: Without natural crust cover Other animals 0.15 0.00
Liquid/Slurry: With cover Liquid/Slurry: With cover Other animals 0.03 0.00
Pit storage below animal confinements Pit storage below animal confinements Other animals 0.25 (0.15 - 0.30) 0.00
Daily spread Daily spread Other animals 0.07 (0.05 - 0.60) 0.00
Solid storage Solid storage Other animals 0.12 (0.05 - 0.20) 0.02
Solid storage - Covered/compacted Solid storage - Covered/compacted Other animals 0.05 (0-0.07) 0.00
Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Solid storage - Bulking agent addition Other animals 0.15 (0.06-0.18) 0.02
Solid storage - Additives Solid storage - Additives Other animals 0.04 (0.01-0.05) 0.02
Dry lot Dry lot Other animals 0.30 (0.20 - 0.50) 0.04
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, HQ tec Anaerobic digester Swine NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Swine NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, Low leak, open stor, HQ tec Anaerobic digester Swine NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, High leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Swine NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, High leak, LQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Swine NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, High leak, open stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Swine NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Burned for fuel or as waste Burned for fuel or as waste Swine NA NA NA
Cattle and swine deep bedding < 1 month Cattle and swine deep bedding Swine 0.40 (0.10 - 0.60) 0.04
Cattle and swine deep bedding > 1 month Cattle and swine deep bedding Swine 0.40 (0.10 - 0.60) 0.04
Composting - In-vessel Composting - In Vessel Swine 0.60 (0.12-0.65) 0.00
Composting - Static pile (forced aeration) Composting - Static Pile Swine 0.65 (0.14-0.70) 0.06
Composting - Intensive windrow Composting - Intensive Windrow Swine 0.65 (0.14-0.70) 0.06
Composting - Unfrequent turning Composting - Passive Windrow Swine 0.60 (0.12-0.65) 0.04
Poultry manure with litter Poultry manure with litter Swine NA NA NA
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, HQ tec Anaerobic digester Dairy Cow NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Dairy Cow NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, Low leak, open stor, HQ tec Anaerobic digester Dairy Cow NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, High leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Dairy Cow NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, High leak, LQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Dairy Cow NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, High leak, open stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Dairy Cow NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Burned for fuel or as waste Burned for fuel or as waste Dairy Cow NA NA NA
Cattle and swine deep bedding < 1 month Cattle and swine deep bedding Dairy Cow 0.25 (0.10 - 0.30) 0.04
Cattle and swine deep bedding > 1 month Cattle and swine deep bedding Dairy Cow 0.25 (0.10 - 0.30) 0.04
Composting - In-vessel Composting - In Vessel Dairy Cow 0.45 (0.07-0.54) 0.00
Composting - Static pile (forced aeration) Composting - Static Pile Dairy Cow 0.50 (0.07-0.60) 0.06
Composting - Intensive windrow Composting - Intensive Windrow Dairy Cow 0.50 (0.07-0.60) 0.06
Composting - Unfrequent turning Composting - Passive Windrow Dairy Cow 0.45 (0.07-0.54) 0.04
Poultry manure with litter Poultry manure with litter Dairy Cow NA NA NA
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, HQ tec Anaerobic digester Poultry NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Poultry NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, Low leak, open stor, HQ tec Anaerobic digester Poultry NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, High leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Poultry NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, High leak, LQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Poultry NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, High leak, open stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Poultry NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Burned for fuel or as waste Burned for fuel or as waste Poultry NA NA NA
Cattle and swine deep bedding < 1 month Cattle and swine deep bedding Poultry 0.30 (0.20 - 0.40) NA
Cattle and swine deep bedding > 1 month Cattle and swine deep bedding Poultry 0.30 (0.20 - 0.40) NA
Composting - In-vessel Composting - In Vessel Poultry 0.60 (0.12-0.65) 0.00
Composting - Static pile (forced aeration) Composting - Static Pile Poultry 0.65 (0.14-0.70) 0.06
Composting - Intensive windrow Composting - Intensive Windrow Poultry 0.65 (0.14-0.70) 0.06
Composting - Unfrequent turning Composting - Passive Windrow Poultry 0.60 (0.12-0.65) 0.04
Poultry manure with litter Poultry manure with litter Poultry 0.40 (0.10 - 0.60) 0.00
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, HQ tec Anaerobic digester Other Cattle NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Other Cattle NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, Low leak, open stor, HQ tec Anaerobic digester Other Cattle NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, High leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Other Cattle NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, High leak, LQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Other Cattle NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, High leak, open stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Other Cattle NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Burned for fuel or as waste Burned for fuel or as waste Other Cattle NA NA NA
Cattle and swine deep bedding < 1 month Cattle and swine deep bedding Other Cattle 0.25 (0.10 - 0.30) 0.04
Cattle and swine deep bedding > 1 month Cattle and swine deep bedding Other Cattle 0.25 (0.10 - 0.30) 0.04
Composting - In-vessel Composting - In Vessel Other Cattle 0.60 (0.12-0.65) 0.00
Composting - Static pile (forced aeration) Composting - Static Pile Other Cattle 0.65 (0.14-0.70) 0.06
Composting - Intensive windrow Composting - Intensive Windrow Other Cattle 0.65 (0.14-0.70) 0.06
Composting - Unfrequent turning Composting - Passive Windrow Other Cattle 0.60 (0.12-0.65) 0.04
Poultry manure with litter Poultry manure with litter Other Cattle NA NA NA
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, HQ tec Anaerobic digester Other animals NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, Low leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Other animals NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, Low leak, open stor, HQ tec Anaerobic digester Other animals NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, High leak, HQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Other animals NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, High leak, LQ stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Other animals NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Anaer digester, High leak, open stor, LQ tec Anaerobic digester Other animals NA (0.05-0.50) 0.00
Burned for fuel or as waste Burned for fuel or as waste Other animals NA NA NA
Cattle and swine deep bedding < 1 month Cattle and swine deep bedding Other animals 0.40 (0.10 - 0.60) 0.04
Cattle and swine deep bedding > 1 month Cattle and swine deep bedding Other animals 0.40 (0.10 - 0.60) 0.04
Composting - In-vessel Composting - In Vessel Other animals 0.18 (0.04-0.21) 0.00
Composting - Static pile (forced aeration) Composting - Static Pile Other animals 0.20 (0.05-0.24) 0.06
Composting - Intensive windrow Composting - Intensive Windrow Other animals 0.20 (0.05-0.24) 0.06
Composting - Unfrequent turning Composting - Passive Windrow Other animals 0.18 (0.04-0.21) 0.04
Poultry manure with litter Poultry manure with litter Other animals NA NA NA
Poultry manure without litter Poultry manure without litter Swine NA NA NA
Aerobic treatment Aerobic treatment: Natural aeration systems Swine NA NA 0.00
Aerobic treatment2 Aerobic treatment: Forced aeration systems Swine 0.85 (0.27 - 1) 0.00
Poultry manure without litter Poultry manure without litter Dairy Cow NA NA NA
Aerobic treatment Aerobic treatment: Natural aeration systems Dairy Cow NA NA 0.00
Aerobic treatment2 Aerobic treatment: Forced aeration systems Dairy Cow 0.85 (0.27 - 1) 0.00
Poultry manure without litter Poultry manure without litter Poultry 0.48 (0.15 - 0.60) 0.00
Aerobic treatment Aerobic treatment: Natural aeration systems Poultry NA NA 0.00
Aerobic treatment2 Aerobic treatment: Forced aeration systems Poultry NA NA 0.00
Poultry manure without litter Poultry manure without litter Other Cattle NA NA NA
Aerobic treatment Aerobic treatment: Natural aeration systems Other Cattle NA NA 0.00
Aerobic treatment2 Aerobic treatment: Forced aeration systems Other Cattle 0.85 (0.27 - 1) 0.00
Poultry manure without litter Poultry manure without litter Other animals NA NA NA
Aerobic treatment Aerobic treatment: Natural aeration systems Other animals NA NA 0.00
Aerobic treatment2 Aerobic treatment: Forced aeration systems Other animals 0.27 0.27 0.00

IPCC 2019 Refinement, Vol. 4, Ch. 11: N2O emissions from managed soils, and CO2 emissions from lime and urea application

Eq. 11.1 (printed p. 6)

Direct N2O from managed soils: sum over N inputs (synthetic fertiliser, organic N, crop residues, mineralised N, grazing excreta) times their emission factors, converted with 44/28. Open the PDF at this page.

Table 11.1 (printed p. 13)

Default emission factors for direct N2O: EF1 (N inputs), EF1FR (flooded rice), EF3PRP (urine and dung on pasture, by animal type), disaggregated by climate in the 2019 Refinement. Open the PDF at this page.

Review note: Climate review F09: the package copy holds 2006 values for EF3PRP, FracGASF, FracGASM and EF1FR, while its manure side uses 2019 tables.

Package copy: ghg_parameters.json key table_11.1_&_table_11.3 (view file at commit), 10 rows.

emission_factors unit description n2o_emissions_from_managed_soils uncertainty_range
EF1 kg N2O-N (kg N input)-1 emission factor for N2O emissions from N inputs 0.0100 0.003-0.03
EF2 kg N2O-N ha-1 yr-1 emission factor for N2O emissions from drained/managed organic soils 16.0000 5 TO 48
EF3PRP-CPP kg N2O-N (kg N input)-1 emission factor for N2O emissions from urine and dung N deposited on pasture, range and paddock by grazing animals 0.0200 0.007-0.06
EF3PRP-SO kg N2O-N (kg N input)-1 emission factor for N2O emissions from urine and dung N deposited on pasture, range and paddock by grazing animals 0.0100 0.003-0.03
EF4 [kg N-N2O (kg NH3-N + NOx-N volatilised)-1] emission factor for N2O emissions from atmospheric deposition of N on soils and water surfaces 0.0100 0.002-0.05
EF5 kg N2O-N (kg N leached and runoff)-1 emission factor for N2O emissions from N leaching and runoff 0.0075 0.005-0.025
EF1R kg N2O-N (kg N input)-1 emission factor for N2O emission from N inputs for flooded rice 0.0030 0.000 - 0.006
FracGASF kg N volatilised (kg of N applied)-1 fraction of synthetic fertilzer N that volatilises as NH3 and NOx 0.1000 0.03-0.3
FracGASM kg N volatilised (kg of N applied or deposited)-1 fraction of applied organic N fertiliser materials (FON) and of urine and dung N deposited by grazing animals (FPRP) that volatilises as NH3 and NOx 0.2000 0.05-0.5
FracLEACH-(H) kg N (kg of N additions)-1 fraction of all N added to/mineralised in managed soils in regions where leaching/runoff occurs that is lost through leaching and runoff 0.3000 if sum of rain - sum of PE > soil water holding capacity during rainy season

Eq. 11.6 (printed p. 16)

Crop residue N returned to soils (FCR) from yield, residue ratios and N contents. Open the PDF at this page.

Eq. 11.9 (printed p. 22)

Indirect N2O from atmospheric deposition of volatilised N: (FSN x FracGASF + (FON + FPRP) x FracGASM) x EF4 x 44/28. Open the PDF at this page.

Table 11.3 (printed p. 26)

Default factors for indirect N2O: EF4, EF5, FracGASF, FracGASM, FracLEACH-(H). Open the PDF at this page.

IPCC 2019 Refinement, Vol. 4, Ch. 5: Cropland

Table 5.5 (printed p. 27)

Relative stock change factors (FLU, FMG, FI) for mineral cropland soils, over 20 years (pp. 5.27-5.29). Open the PDF at this page.

Package copy: stock_change_parameters.json key cropland (view file at commit), 33 rows.

factor key value
landuse Long term cultivated, temperate/boreal, dry 0.80
landuse Long term cultivated, temperate/boreal, moist 0.69
landuse Long term cultivated, tropical, dry 0.58
landuse Long term cultivated, tropical, moist/wet 0.48
landuse Long term cultivated, tropical montane, all 0.64
landuse Paddy rice 1.10
landuse Perennial/tree crop 1.00
landuse Set aside (< 20 years), temperate/boreal and tropical, dry 0.93
landuse Set aside (< 20 years), temperate/boreal and tropical, moist/wet 0.82
landuse Set aside (< 20 years), tropical montane, all 0.88
tillage Full 1.00
tillage Reduced, temperate/boreal, dry 1.02
tillage Reduced, temperate/boreal, moist 1.08
tillage Reduced, tropical, dry 1.09
tillage Reduced, tropical, moist 1.15
tillage Reduced, tropical montane, all 1.09
tillage No-till, temperate/boreal, dry 1.10
tillage No-till, temperate/boreal, moist 1.15
tillage No-till, tropical, dry 1.17
tillage No-till, tropical, moist/wet 1.22
tillage No-till, tropical montane, all 1.16
input Low, temperate/boreal, dry 0.95
input Low, temperate/boreal, moist 0.92
input Low, tropical, dry 0.95
input Low, tropical, moist 0.92
input Low, tropical montane, all 0.94
input Medium, all 1.00
input High w/OUT manure, temperate/boral and tropical, dry 1.04
input High w/OUT manure, temperate/boral and tropical, moist/wet 1.11
input High w/OUT manure, tropical montane 1.08
input High with manure, temperate/boral and tropical, dry 1.37
input High with manure, temperate/boral and tropical, moist/wet 1.44
input High with manure, tropical montane 1.41

Table 5.11 (printed p. 53)

Rice CH4: baseline emission factor and soil-type scaling factors. Open the PDF at this page.

Package copy: ghg_parameters.json key table_5.11 (view file at commit), 2 rows.

key value
baseline_emission_factor 1.3
soil_type_scaling_factor 1.0

Table 5.12 (printed p. 54)

Rice CH4: scaling factors for water regime during the cultivation period. Open the PDF at this page.

Package copy: ghg_parameters.json key table_5.12 (view file at commit), 8 rows.

ecosystem ecosystem_type aggregated_scaling_factor_w disaggregated_scaling_factor_w
irrigated Irrigated-Continuously flooded 0.78 1.00
irrigated intermittently flooded-single aeration 0.78 0.60
irrigated Intermittently flooded-multiple aeration 0.78 0.52
Rain fed and deep water Rainfed-regular rainfed 0.27 0.28
Rain fed and deep water Rainfed-drought prone 0.27 0.25
Rain fed and deep water Rainfed-deep water 0.27 0.31
Upland Upland 0.00 0.00
None None 0.00 0.00

Table 5.13 (printed p. 55)

Rice CH4: scaling factors for water regime before the cultivation period. Open the PDF at this page.

Package copy: ghg_parameters.json key table_5.13 (view file at commit), 5 rows.

water_regime aggregated_scaling_factor_p disaggregated_scaling_factor_p
non-flooded pre-season <180 days( often in double cropping of rice) 1.22 1.00
non-flooded pre-season >180 days (single rice crop following a dry fallow period) 1.22 0.68
flooded pre-season (>30 days) 1.22 1.90
flooded pre-season (<30 days) 1.22 0.00
None 0.00 0.00

Eq. 5.3 (printed p. 55)

Rice CH4 daily emission factor adjusted for water regime and organic amendments. Open the PDF at this page.

Table 5.14 (printed p. 56)

Rice CH4: conversion factors for organic amendments. Open the PDF at this page.

Package copy: ghg_parameters.json key table_5.14 (view file at commit), 6 rows.

organic_amendment conversion_factor
straw incorporated in soil shortly (<30 days) before cultivation 1.00
straw incorporated in soil long (>30 days) before cultivation 0.29
Compost 0.05
Farm yard manure 0.14
green manure 0.50
None 0.00

IPCC 2019 Refinement, Vol. 4, Ch. 6: Grassland

Table 6.2 (printed p. 6)

Relative stock change factors for grassland management and inputs. Open the PDF at this page.

Review note: Land-use review S-04: the package's grassland management factor of 1.5 is not in this table.

Package copy: stock_change_parameters.json key grassland (view file at commit), 13 rows.

factor key value
landuse All 1.00
management Nominally managed 1.00
management Medium 1.50
management Moderately degraded grassland, temperate/boreal 0.95
management Moderately degraded grassland, tropical 0.97
management Moderately degraded grassland, tropical montane 0.96
management Severely degraded 0.70
management Improved grassland, temperate/boreal 1.14
management Improved grassland, tropical 1.17
management Improved grassland, tropical montane 1.16
input Medium 1.00
input High 1.11
input None 1.00

IPCC 2006 Guidelines, Vol. 4, Ch. 2: Generic methodologies applicable to multiple land-use categories

Eq. 2.25 (printed p. 30)

Annual change in mineral soil organic carbon: dC = (SOC0 - SOC(0-T)) / D, where SOC = sum of SOCref x FLU x FMG x FI x A at each point in time and D is 20 years by default. A change in stock requires a change in land use, management or inputs between the two points in time. Open the PDF at this page.

Review note: The package applies the factors to the measured stock every year (critical issue 3).

Table 2.3 (printed p. 31)

Default reference soil organic carbon stocks (SOCref, t C/ha, 0-30 cm) by climate region and soil type. Open the PDF at this page.

Burning: CO2 not counted on cropland and grassland (printed p. 2.41)

Text in section 2.4 explaining that, for cropland and grassland burning, only non-CO2 gases are estimated, because the CO2 released is taken up again by regrowth within the year. Open the PDF at this page.

Eq. 2.27 (printed p. 42)

Greenhouse gas emissions from fire: L_fire = A x MB x Cf x Gef x 10^-3, with A the area burnt (ha), MB fuel mass (t/ha), Cf the combustion factor and Gef the emission factor (g per kg dry matter burnt) from Table 2.5. Open the PDF at this page.

Table 2.5 (printed p. 47)

Emission factors for burning, g per kg dry matter burnt. Agricultural residues: CO2 1515, CO 92, CH4 2.7, N2O 0.07, NOx 2.5. Open the PDF at this page.

Review note: The package copy matches. The error is in how the totals are combined (critical issue 4).

Package copy: ghg_parameters.json key table_2.5 (view file at commit), 5 rows.

ghg_gas burnt_emission_factor
CO2 1515.00
CO 92.00
CH4 2.70
N2O 0.07
Nox 2.50

Package tables without an IPCC table behind them

Table_m

Urinary energy fraction and ash content by livestock category, used in the volatile solids calculation (IPCC 2019 Eq. 10.24 defaults).

Package copy: ghg_parameters.json key Table_m (view file at commit), 23 rows.

livestock_category_name Urinary_energy_frac ash_content
Cattle - Cows (local) 0.04 0.08
Cattle - Cows (improved) 0.04 0.08
Cattle - Cows (high productive) 0.04 0.08
Cattle - Adult male 0.04 0.08
Cattle - Steers/heifers 0.04 0.08
Cattle - Steers/heifers (improved) 0.04 0.08
Cattle - Calves 0.04 0.08
Cattle - Calves (improved) 0.04 0.08
Buffalo - Cows 0.04 0.08
Buffalo - Steers/heifers 0.04 0.08
Buffalo - Steers/heifers 0.04 0.08
Buffalo - Calves 0.04 0.08
Sheep - Ewes 0.04 0.08
Goats - Does 0.04 0.08
Sheep - Breeding Rams 0.04 0.08
Goats - Breeding Bucks 0.04 0.08
Sheep - Fattening Rams 0.04 0.08
Goats - Fattening Bucks 0.04 0.08
Sheep - Lambs 0.04 0.08
Goats - Kids 0.04 0.08
Pigs - lactating/pregnant sows 0.02 0.08
Pigs - dry sows/boars 0.02 0.08
Pigs - growers 0.02 0.08

fertilizer_table

Fertiliser types with %N and manufacturing emission factors. Not an IPCC table; source not stated in the package.

Package copy: ghg_parameters.json key fertilizer_table (view file at commit), 10 rows.

fertilizer_type percent_N emission_factor_kg_CO2eq_per_kg N kg_N_per_1_kg_of_fertilzer emissions_factor_kg_CO2_eq_per_kg_fertilizer
DAP 18 2.80 0.18 0.5040
CAN 27 8.66 0.27 2.3382
Urea NA NA NA 0.7850
NPK NA NA NA 1.2100
Lime-application NA NA NA 0.0000
Ammonia NA NA NA 0.0000
Ammonium nitrate NA NA NA 2.8000
Ammonium sulfate NA NA NA 0.6000
N solutions NA NA NA 1.9000
Anhydrous ammonia NA NA NA 2.6000

Other standards cited

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